A few days ago, I wrote about one of my favorite movies here, "Goodbye, Mr. Chips" from 1939.
Today, I want to talk about the novella by James Hilton that the movie is based on, but also about a TV film and a TV serial.
I will keep the plot rather short here as it's already in the other post and concentrate on the big differences instead.
"Good-bye, Mr. Chips" is the story of Mr. Chipping, master at Brookfield, a British public school for boys. He begins teaching in 1870 at the age of 22 and stays near the school even after his retirement until his death in 1933.
Despite a short marriage - his wife and their child die during birth - his life is dedicated to the school and the pupils and even in retirement, during the First World War, he substitutes for the headmaster.
According to Hilton, he wrote the novella within one week in 1933 as he had to meet a deadline for a story to appear in the Christmas issue of the "British Weekly". In 1934, it appeared in the "Atlantic" where it was so successful that it was published as a book first in the USA and then in England.
In 1938, the sequel "To You Mr. Chips" was published which had some more Chips stories and an autobiographical chapter about Hilton's own school days.
The 1939 movie pretty much follows the plot of the novella. There are a few small changes, the train ride with the pupils at the beginning, some names, or that Chips takes over for the headmaster not because he joins up, but because he's severely ill.
The biggest change, however, is the love story. The movie concentrates more on how Chips and Kathy Ellis meet and fall in love while the novella emphasizes the influence Kathie Bridges has on Chips and the school.
In the movie, Chips thinks he has to rescue Kathy from the mountain, and while caught in the mist, she surprises him with her progressive ideas. He then loses her because she continues her bike ride with a friend, but they meet again in Vienna and go to a ball. It's all rather head over heel and very romantic.
In the novella, Kathie stands on a ledge, and after Chips sprains his ankle thinking he has to help her, she and her friend have to help him down the mountain instead. Kathie pays him visits while he's laid up, and at first he's not at all sure about this "new woman" with her radical positions like university access for women - and the vote! They talk a lot and get married at the end of the holidays.
She brings these radical positions to the school with her. Once she proposes a football (soccer for Americans) match with boys from the mission in East London run by Brookfield which becomes a surprising (for everyone but Kathie) success. Sometimes she persuades Chips to let boys off for more or less serious offences or talk to them first to find out the reasons which doesn't mean she excuses all of them, though.
Another difference is that the movie builds up the scene to Kathy's death - the doctor saying they will do their best etc. - while it's a very short chapter in the book, and yet both manage in their own way to describe Chips's loss poignantly.
We are talking Hollywood movie, and therefore the way the love story was told isn't surprising to me and I also didn't mind it, but I feel the novella gives Kathie more facets and explains better how her influence changes Chips in his social interactions with the pupils and masters, like when he stands up to the headmaster who wants him to retire.
Today, I want to talk about the novella by James Hilton that the movie is based on, but also about a TV film and a TV serial.
I will keep the plot rather short here as it's already in the other post and concentrate on the big differences instead.
"Good-bye, Mr. Chips" is the story of Mr. Chipping, master at Brookfield, a British public school for boys. He begins teaching in 1870 at the age of 22 and stays near the school even after his retirement until his death in 1933.
Despite a short marriage - his wife and their child die during birth - his life is dedicated to the school and the pupils and even in retirement, during the First World War, he substitutes for the headmaster.
According to Hilton, he wrote the novella within one week in 1933 as he had to meet a deadline for a story to appear in the Christmas issue of the "British Weekly". In 1934, it appeared in the "Atlantic" where it was so successful that it was published as a book first in the USA and then in England.
In 1938, the sequel "To You Mr. Chips" was published which had some more Chips stories and an autobiographical chapter about Hilton's own school days.
The 1939 movie pretty much follows the plot of the novella. There are a few small changes, the train ride with the pupils at the beginning, some names, or that Chips takes over for the headmaster not because he joins up, but because he's severely ill.
The biggest change, however, is the love story. The movie concentrates more on how Chips and Kathy Ellis meet and fall in love while the novella emphasizes the influence Kathie Bridges has on Chips and the school.
In the movie, Chips thinks he has to rescue Kathy from the mountain, and while caught in the mist, she surprises him with her progressive ideas. He then loses her because she continues her bike ride with a friend, but they meet again in Vienna and go to a ball. It's all rather head over heel and very romantic.
In the novella, Kathie stands on a ledge, and after Chips sprains his ankle thinking he has to help her, she and her friend have to help him down the mountain instead. Kathie pays him visits while he's laid up, and at first he's not at all sure about this "new woman" with her radical positions like university access for women - and the vote! They talk a lot and get married at the end of the holidays.
She brings these radical positions to the school with her. Once she proposes a football (soccer for Americans) match with boys from the mission in East London run by Brookfield which becomes a surprising (for everyone but Kathie) success. Sometimes she persuades Chips to let boys off for more or less serious offences or talk to them first to find out the reasons which doesn't mean she excuses all of them, though.
Another difference is that the movie builds up the scene to Kathy's death - the doctor saying they will do their best etc. - while it's a very short chapter in the book, and yet both manage in their own way to describe Chips's loss poignantly.
We are talking Hollywood movie, and therefore the way the love story was told isn't surprising to me and I also didn't mind it, but I feel the novella gives Kathie more facets and explains better how her influence changes Chips in his social interactions with the pupils and masters, like when he stands up to the headmaster who wants him to retire.
Ralston was trying to run Brookfield like a factory - a factory for turning out a snob culture based on money and machines. The old gentlemanly traditions of family and broad acres were changing, as doubtless they were bound to; but instead of widening them to form a genuine inclusive democracy of duke and dustman, Ralston was narrowing them upon the single issue of a fat banking account.That sounds like Kathie, don't you think?
***
Let's get to the 2002 adaptation now which I hadn't known of before. This will be a lot shorter, promise.
Martin Clunes plays Chips and Victoria Hamilton is Kathie.
Again, the story is changed a little, no sprained ankle, but Kathie is given her chance to speak her mind, about Shaw, Ibsen, the vote for women, and more. Instead of a football match she organizes a dance with girls from a nearby school.
And she addresses the headmaster about a boy being bullied in the worst way because he cried about his mother's death.
That is the big difference in this adaptation. Almost from the start, caning, bullying and fagging (a former practice at schools meaning younger pupils were required to act as personal servants for older ones) are a really big topic while they are only very lightly touched on - if at all - in the novella and movie of 1939 when these practices were sadly still regarded as quite normal.
Also the war scenes were more dramatic, like a plane crashing on the school premises and Chips making sure to help the pilot although he's German.
***
Back to 1984 now, to a six part TV serial with Roy Marsden and Jill Meager.
The serial also follows the novella rather closely (this time we get the football match). As we have a runtime that is almost twice as long as that of the films, though, some embellishments were to be expected.
One of them comes in the person of Mrs. Wickett.
Mrs. Wickett was once a matron at Brookfield and rents rooms out to Mr. Chips in his old age. That's the same as in the films and novella, but in the serial he first meets her when she still works as a maid and he comforts her after she has made a mistake and wants to run away.
She's quite devoted to him and works with him when he gets the post of housemaster despite being a bachelor. So when he returns from his holidays with a wife, we already know there will be problems. Although Kathie tries not to make Mrs. Wickett feel obsolete now, every attempt to contribute to the household or make a change is taken wrongly. Finally they bond over caring for a boy together who's severely ill.
Kathie later dies because she slips and has a heart attack from the fall, her child is stillborn (no idea why they thought that was a better idea).
Another story that was added is that of a pupil who is due for going to France, but can't get himself to go after seeing his father, who has been terribly mutilated in war, in hospital and is therefore arrested as a deserter.
***
There were more adaptations than the three I introduced you to, radio, theater, and a musical film from 1969 with Peter O'Toole and Petula Clark.
I couldn't hunt the film down, but after reading about it, I was actually glad I couldn't as it deviated from the original in a way that wouldn't have made me happy.
It is set between the 20s and the 60s, Katherine is a music hall singer. Her background makes a wealthy lord threaten to withdraw a financial endowment, but Katherine threatens back to expose his relationship to a friend of hers.
Oh, and she dies in an air raid after a long marriage.
It really doesn't sound as if I would like it. I don't want my Mr. Chips to sing, either. It's something he would never do.
***
All adaptations I watched were enjoyable in their own way.
I liked Kathie in the 1984 version because Jill Meager gave such competent and yet friendly and understanding vibes. To me, she seemed most like the "new woman" that intimidated Chips so much at first. I could have well imagined her marching as a suffragette.
Victoria Hamilton seemed determined, but a bit too soft for my taste, well, and Greer Garson didn't get the chance to show much more than being a beautiful and kind lady, so you really can't compare.
Roy Marsden was okay, but Martin Clunes definitely showed more layers to his Chips. I thought his best scene was him standing up to the headmaster, with such cold rage when he accused him of running the school like a factory. I think the 2002 film was the most realistic one, not romanticizing life at a public school, and I enjoyed it more than I would have thought.
But let's be honest, I watch Mr. Chips for Robert Donat. For the shyness and the fear to fail, for the sadness about being mediocre as a master (which he is described as in the novella) and the longing to make it, anyway. For the desire to be not just respected but loved by the pupils. For learning to love and to understand, bearing a loss and carrying on, for making jokes and chuckling.
So it's sentimental, okay, but mainly warm-hearted. There's nothing wrong with a bit of escapism every, now and then.
And darn that score that plays with my emotions so well, works every time (and I don't mean the "Blue Danube" which is the theme for Kathy and Chips)! 😉
There, and now you made it all the way through. Aren't you glad?
Take a rest ... for the next time!


















































